孙劢在德国

 兔子戴眼鏡還真想那么回事，太搞笑了！

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上周末去Odeonsplatz參加了慕尼黑中國學生會和中的友好協會的募捐活動，3分鐘的默哀不知道大家都在想什么。對于受到災情影響的每一個個體，沒有陣痛，只有不幸或者萬幸兩種結果，遭遇不幸的人我們沒辦法安慰，只能不出聲的默默祈禱并且伸出援手。3分鐘里我還在想，對于災難后的整個中國或者所有華人，希望這次是像唐山地震一樣脫胎換骨之前的陣痛。我們可以停下來反思，不光是那些具體的問題，“豆腐渣工程”，趁機發國難財的，災難反應應急預案之類，也許也可以反思人的價值，緬甸一陣風卷走了近8萬人的生命，中國這一震還不知道會有多少人從此在天上，人類在這個地上的價值是什么，怎樣才是尊重“人”。

這一段時間我一直在思考，中國最需要的是什么。固然中國需要發出聲音，需要滿腔熱情的年輕人，但是我們也許有點浮躁了。浮躁可能是前輩們形容我們“80後”最最常用的詞語。不禁問自己，浮躁是不是對我們生命的輕視？缺乏個人奮斗的精神，缺乏團體協作共同奮斗的興趣，徒有少年得志的輕狂，已經普遍蔓延在“80後”的所謂“精英”里面，這是不是在浪費我們的生命，是不是在慢性謀殺我們的國家和民族的前途？

你有没有遇到过紧张加班的时候突然停电的状况？旅行途中赶忙写企划书的时候笔记标本电脑突然电池不足？或者是每天都遇到的早上上班坐在计算机前等待计算机开机要抓狂，这一切都随着HP 实验室Stan Williams本周发表的新发现memristor而成为历史。
自从Leon Chua在1971年设想了memristor以后，经历了37年研究人员才把这项技术成为现实，不同于一般的ROM，memristor在突然断电的情况下能记住自己断电是所做的事情，也就是说他不会因为自己断电而“失忆”。因此而得来的好处是，未来的计算器或者其它电子设备不需要用现有的大量能源维持 ROM硬件的运转，手机的充电次数会减少，计算机的发热会降低，等等。
为什么时隔37年才突破这项技术。发明人Stan Williams把牠归咎于技术的难度，以及由于原始文章过于复杂的数学推理过程；然而牠的构思人Leon Chua却不以为然，他认为最根本的原因还是科学界因循守旧的思维方式导致了这项技术的晚产，他回忆他的文章在期刊上发表的时候，大多数人都把这个构想认 作异端，或者超自然的另类思想而置之不理。但对于这星期Stan Williams的突破，他感到欣慰，因为他原本不认为能在有生之年看到这项技术的诞生。

《自然》杂志新闻 2008年4月30日在线发布。

Published online 30 April 2008 | Nature | doi:10.1038/news.2008.789

Found: the missing circuit element

Described in 1971, made in 2008: 'memristors' promise a computer revolution.

Michael Hopkin

Old school: classical resistors are now joined by nanoscopic counterparts.PUNCHSTOCK

High-school physics students grappling with the delights of capacitors, inductors and resistors will be groaning into their exercise books. Electronics experts in California have finally succeeded in proving the existence of a fourth fundamental unit of electronic circuits: the 'memristor'.

The existence of the memristor, short for 'memory resistor', was first suggested in 1971, but only now have researchers succeeded in creating a real, working example. They hope that the new components could revolutionize computing, promising an end to frustrating waits for your computer to boot up.

"A memristor is essentially a resistor with memory," explains Stan Williams of HP Labs in Palo Alto, California, who reports the memristor's creation in this week's Nature. "The actual resistance of the memristor changes depending on the amount of voltage and the time for which that voltage has been applied to the device."

That means that a computer created from memristive circuits can 'remember' what has happened to it previously, and freeze that memory when the circuit is turned off. This quality could allow computers to turn off and on again in an instant, as all the components could revert to their last state instantly, rather than having to 'boot up'.

Size problems

Williams and his colleagues created a memristor while experimenting with very tiny circuits. They sandwiched a nanoscopic film of a semiconductor (titanium dioxide) between two slivers of metal (platinum). Those are standard materials; the trick is to make the component just 5 nanometres wide — about 10,000 times thinner than a human hair.

It's only at the nanoscale that the behaviour of memristors begins to be detectable, Williams says. Any larger and they behave just like ordinary resistors, where resistance is equal to the voltage divided by the current. Electronics were originally developed at a scale far too large to see these effects and only recently have researchers been able to work at that scale.

That's probably one reason why the idea has mouldered on the shelf for 37 years, suggests Leon Chua, the electrical engineer at the University of California, Berkeley, who first postulated the existence of memristors in a 1971 paper.

Six years after reading Chua's 1971 work, Williams and his team managed to make the tiny device. The scale of the project was not the only challenge. The mathematics underlying the principle were not simple, says Williams. "The original prediction and the papers in which the prediction appeared were very heavy mathematically, so it required a very significant investment in order to read those papers," he says.

Chua, somewhat modestly, disagrees, and thinks the idea may have struggled to find its feet simply because it is so weird. "It's not really that difficult — it is more that it is sort of heretical. Nobody would believe this was the case because it sounds unnatural in some sense."

Volatile discovery

Chua says that he is pleased that his theory has finally been proved. "I was very excited — I never thought I would live to see this happen."

Now that his calculations have been vindicated, he thinks that memristors will be a big deal. They should be crucial in developing 'non-volatile' memory — the type that doesn't decay when the power is switched off.

Most computers use 'volatile memory' to perform their running functions, because this offers faster access to data than the non-volatile memory used to store data on hard disks and flash devices such as iPods. Building computers with memristors might allow a full switch to non-volatile memory, doing away with power-sapping 'running memory' and allowing devices to consume far less power when operating. "Someday I imagine that you won't have to charge your cellphone or your laptop so often," says Chua.

But what of the poor high-school students who now have more to learn in their electronics classes? "I believe this is going to be in textbooks in the near future," Chua says. He says that the rounding out of his theory and creation of an actual memristor should make the concept easier to grasp than it was when he first proposed it. Struggling students might be more, shall we say, resistant to progress.

今天才有時間看了周杰倫拍的《不能說的秘密》，只可惜這部電影沒在德國上映，我只能在網路上看看不太清晰的版本。
因為我自己也是從小學古典鋼琴，所以很喜歡這個電影的風格。原本以為這部電影會有一個因為女主角生病而帶來一個老套的結局，看到最后卻是一個不完美，酸澀而遺憾的結局令我非常滿意。
這部影片屬于我喜歡的風格，沒有大起大落，平淡而傳奇。里面又有那么多我熟悉和喜歡的曲子，覺得看起來非常舒服。彈鋼琴就穿越時空這種聽起來匪夷所思的事情在這部電影里就顯得非常自然，很浪漫。
戲中的周杰倫沒有像現實中那么裝酷耍帥，表現了他平常的一面，非常可愛。

“我们的观点不一样”，不是说我有特色，也不是我不合群，这是个很正常的现象。这个很正常的现象在自古以来的中国就不被接受，甚至有很多人为了他丢了性命。
很令我不可思议的是，在我表达我很自然的观点的时候，很多中国人会觉得：“你怎么会这么想？你怎么说出这种话？”。有的话题被打上“敏感” 的标签不能被说，不能对其发表观点，甚至不能提其名讳，就像皇帝的本名一样。
也许中国人的本性就是小心谨慎的，这个本性也被自古至今的统治者利用，什么不能说，人们就不说；什么不能看，人们就不看。甚至，这种无谓的谨慎流到了血液 里。也许，为了统治这个诺大的国家，用一点“愚民政策”是必要的，让人们不要去关心政治嘛，这个我不反对，我也没兴趣关心政治。
但是为什么信仰、世界观也要统一起来呢？难道这是中国人的病？从2000多年前就开始的“焚书坑儒”，然后的各种灭法，“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”，灭佛，礼佛，总之要和皇上一致。纵观中国历史，“一元化”的文化从秦汉就开始了。
我很佩服的一位大学同学在政治课上用一个“辣椒”的比喻说明了，“多元化”存在的自然和必要。他说，我来自福州，福州人不吃辣椒，到了北京来上学才慢慢吃 辣椒，发现辣椒也挺好吃的。世界观和信仰也是这样的嘛，不可能每个人都一样，不可能每个人都接受和喜欢一样的世界观和信仰。这个道理中国人要慢慢懂得。
我从小就持有不同于“正统”的世界观，用中国课本的分类就是“主观唯心的世界观，割裂的看问题的史观，不可知论和形而上学的宇宙观”。用所谓的“马列”理论 将我的哲学观分类到最错误和最极端不可就药的一类，但是这又有什么大不了的呢？我看问题的方式即是如此，为什么一定要我接受所谓的“唯物主义辩证法呢”， 如果有人和我说起来，我只能一笑了之，不予理会。
不同的人应该持有不同的观点，我们的生活才是多彩的呢。

中国历史上最辉煌的百家争鸣为什么一去不复返了呢？

做做玩儿

怎么样，你也来试试看！

圣诞节前飞猫到我这里，我们诙谐的谈了许多过往的，现今的，将来的趣事。谈了信仰和人生。

才发现，人和人就是不一样的，飞猫和我就可以对各种严肃的问题开玩笑，笑得不可开交。这看来和人的性格有关，经历也改变不了。

这次相见又交换了许多关键词，比如：耻辱的小红本，北x市的群众，确定一下名单，等等。看来可以回味很久。